Items tagged with HIV coinfection
Starting ART reduces TB risk for HIV-positive patients in South Africa (post)
Starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces the risk of tuberculosis (TB) for patients in South Africa, investigators report in the online edition of AIDS. Overall, ART initiation was associated with a 45% reduction in TB risk, which was lower than the effectiveness observed in other research. The authors believe this difference is because of their rigorous methodology, which unlike earlier studies, took into account patients’ pre-treatment CD4 counts.
New study calls for urgent action to integrate anti-smoking strategies into TB, HIV and TB-HIV care (post)
Research published today (August 10) identifies a critical missed opportunity in current TB, HIV and TB-HIV programmes. Smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke are known to exacerbate these diseases, but evidence-based strategies to reduce tobacco use are not yet routinely included in treatment programmes. The paper, published in The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, makes the case that addressing tobacco use, as a modifiable risk factor common to both diseases, would improve TB and HIV outcomes and care.
Restored TB-specific CD4 response linked to TB-IRIS soon after ART starts (post)
Recovery of polyfunctional TB-specific CD4 cells boosted chances of tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) after antiretroviral therapy (ART) began in a case-control study of 143 people with active TB [1]. The finding adds to the understanding of this dangerous syndrome in people starting ART with active TB.
HIV patients should be included in early clinical trials of anti-TB drugs (post)
Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 28 September, 2015: Tuberculosis is the number one cause of death in HIV-infected patients in Africa and a leading cause of death in this population worldwide, yet the majority of these patients are excluded from the early stages in the development of new, anti-tuberculosis drugs, according to findings presented today (29 September, 2015) at the European Respiratory Society’s International Congress 2015.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a global crisis. Why are we doing so little to fight it? (post)
Here in the waiting room of Helen Joseph Hospital, a cough never sounds like just a cough. It’s more like the audio accompaniment for a glimpse at what may be the most sustained medical catastrophe of our time. A throng of new patients are spectral figures, the latest victims of what public-health officials dub a “co-epidemic” of tuberculosis and HIV. The patients’ off-white masks flutter whenever they break into that distinctive guttural bark, followed by a raspy rattle in the throat. Linger long enough in this room and you’ll hear prayers offered: “Please, Jesus, let this be a case of ordinary tuberculosis.” Rising numbers of patients are infected with strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to commonly used medications. Treatment, then, will be longer, more punishing, and less effective.
Independent predictors of tuberculosis mortality in a high HIV prevalence setting: a retrospective cohort study (post)
Abstract
Why HIV/TB coinfected patients are discontinuing treatment at alarming rates (post)
SAN DIEGO, CA—Patients with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection are discontinuing first-line antitubercular therapy (ATT) at disturbingly high rates because of side effects like skin reactions, gastrointestinal symptoms, and hepatotoxicity, according to study findings reported at IDWeek 2015.
Three-month isoniazid/pyrazinamide regimen prevents TB as well as 6-month isoniazid in people living with HIV (post)
A daily three-month regimen of isoniazid and pyrazinamide is just as effective at preventing the development of active tuberculosis (TB) as a six-month course of isoniazid in people living with HIV, a Russian study has shown. The findings were presented by Dr Zinaida Zagdyn at the 15th European AIDS Conference in Barcelona on Thursday.
TB death rate four times higher in Eastern Europe due to lack of HIV treatment after TB diagnosis (post)
People living with HIV in Eastern Europe who develop tuberculosis (TB) are four times more likely to die within a year when compared to similar patients in Western and Southern Europe or Latin America, a large international study presented on Thursday at the 15th European AIDS Conference in Barcelona has shown.
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