Treatment with 4 months of rifampin (4R) for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection was associated with substantially higher adherence, lower costs, and lower risk for severe hepatoxicity compared with 9 months of isoniazid (9H), according to study results published in the European Respiratory Journal.

As a whole, vitamin D supplementation did not affect sputum culture conversion in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), but in the subgroup of patients with multidrug-resistant TB, vitamin D supplementation did accelerate sputum culture conversion, according to a meta-analysis published in European Respiratory Journal.

Introducing pyrazinamide molecular susceptibility testing in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis improved outcomes without the use of new drugs and shortened the World Health Organization (WHO) 20+ month regimen to 12 months, according to a study published in the European Respiratory Journal.

The risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB) is greater in patients who use inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) or who have used them in the past 3 years, and the risk is even greater in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to a study published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice.